yeah I'll probably put some of this elsewhere, but for now, enjoy.

----Cube----
They developed their projectile weapons as a secondary benefit of researching propulsion tech. Their weapons(Plasma jet) are essentially Plasma powered flamethrowers. While very powerful, the range is limited by high dissipation.
They originally implemented the cube design as a way to compensate for weak armor. They have continued the design because of its benefits when using ramming tactics.
While unwieldy looking, the ships are actually quite fast and maneuverable. The weapons act as maneuvering jets, thus leaving the main engines free to be used entirely for forward thrust.
----Orb----
They developed a way to augment their beam weapons with their shield tech. They encapsulate the energy stream to prevent dissipation over range. (Spiral ray) This also gives their weapons some penetration vs. shielding.
Their ships have little armor and the design is relatively flimsy. Their shields are extremely strong however, and use a design that encapsulates the entire ship in a single force field.
Their engines are designed with a directional exhaust for maximum maneuverability.
----Core----
They developed a way to link ships as a replacement for developing larger ships. (Essentially they can’t build anything bigger than a destroyer, but can attach their ships to each other to simulate having a large ship.)
Their weapons are enormously powerful, but the way they’re designed each ship only has one extremely powerful weapon. (Disrupter array)
Their main power storage unit is integrated into their (main) engine, weapon, and shield systems.
Their propulsion tech is similar in function to the Cube guys’. They use an array of main engines and secondary maneuvering thrusters. However their thrusters have no additional function.
----Diamond----
Tend to prefer radial symmetry over bilateral symmetry, this design philosophy makes their ships extremely stable and improves accuracy when firing.
The have never developed stable shielding. In order to develop shields that functioned at all, they had to develop a way to make shields that could reset themselves automatically in a few seconds when they collapsed. Even so their shields can only stay online for a matter of seconds at a time before they collapse and reset. This inherent instability also has the benefit of giving them shields that are highly resistant to shield piercing weapons.
----Sat----
They developed a solar recharge system to compensate for their lack of advanced power storage tech.
They have extremely advanced metallurgy technology that allows them to build what would otherwise be extremely flimsy designs.
Their shields and weapons use power saving designs that somewhat limit their effectiveness.
----Bottle----
They prefer to develop sophisticated efficient designs over developing more technically advanced designs. While this makes their tech somewhat weak, they have developed many ways to compensate for this.
Their somewhat weak shield technology has been adapted to be part of the armor of their ships, this makes for a formidable defense as neither can be destroyed individually.
Their engines are somewhat weak, but are far more fuel efficient than those of other races.
They also have not developed particularly powerful weapons but have optimized the usefulness of their weapons by developing a way to give them both shield and armor piercing.
----Hexagon----
This race has a cultural habit of redoing all research and taking a different approach the second time. “Okay we know how to do that, can we do it better differently?” This approach has led to them having many types of tech available that do similar things in different ways. They have also developed a modular ship design to capitalize on the benefits of their technical diversity. This design makes it relatively quick to repair and/or refit their ships. Each hull section also has a separate shield system.
The downside to their approach to research is that it takes them time to redo all of their research. This has led to somewhat slower technical growth. “Jack of all trades, master of none”
Chart:
coming soon.