Bigjoe5 wrote:What you're seeing is not a fully visible colony - it's a stealthy colony which your empire previously had visibility of, and for which you're getting out-of-date information.
That's partly true... Planets are presently always at least basically visible when in detection range of an empire's objects, meaning players know they are there and some info about them like type and size. The planet may also have been previously observed at partial visibility (which requires a stealth and detection check), and any info gained then but not updated at basic visibility will be retained in the latest known (and possibly out of date) state. This include ownership and meters.
I'm not totally sure what's causing this exact situation - most likely the yellow empire colonized that planet, and your empire got a glimpse of it before the stealth bonus took effect, which probably shouldn't happen.
If a player can detect (via stealth/detection check) a planet on a turn before a stealth boosting effect is active, then on subsequent turns after stealth increases and detection stops working they will still remember the last observed owner and meter levels.
The presence of the invade button reflects the latest known ownership of the planet. There is no requirement that a planet be detectable via stealth / detection levels to show this button. I believe this sort of hidden state but still invadable mechanism is the preferred way for things to work, although probably it should be possible to invade even if no owner has ever been observed on a planet, at the risk of just losing all the troops for no benefit.